Understanding ULEZ and Clean Air Zones

Driving into UK cities has changed significantly in recent years. To combat pollution, many cities have introduced Clean Air Zones (CAZ) and London has expanded its Ultra Low Emission Zone (ULEZ). Here's what you need to know to avoid unexpected fines.

What is ULEZ?

The Ultra Low Emission Zone (ULEZ) operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, every day of the year (except Christmas Day). It covers all London boroughs, effectively the entire area within the M25 motorway. It operates alongside the Congestion Charge.

If your vehicle doesn't meet the ULEZ emissions standards, you must pay a £12.50 daily charge to drive within the zone. This applies to:

• Cars, motorcycles, vans and specialist vehicles (up to and including 3.5 tonnes)
• Minibuses (up to and including 5 tonnes)

Clean Air Zones (CAZ) Outside London

Several other UK cities have introduced Clean Air Zones. These are classified into different types (A to D) depending on which vehicles are charged.

Birmingham (Class D)

Birmingham's CAZ covers all roads within the A4540 Middleway Ring Road. Like London, it charges non-compliant private cars (£8 per day).

Bristol (Class D)

Bristol's zone covers the city centre. Non-compliant private cars are charged £9 per day.

Other Cities

Cities like Bath, Bradford, Portsmouth, Sheffield, and Newcastle also have Clean Air Zones, but many of these (Class C or B) currently only charge taxis, vans, buses, and HGVs—not private cars. Always check the signage when entering a city centre.

How to Pay

You must pay the charge by midnight on the third day following the journey or up to 90 days in advance.

• London ULEZ: Pay via the Transport for London (TfL) website or app.
• Clean Air Zones: Pay via the GOV.UK "Drive in a clean air zone" service.

Summary

Clean Air Zones are becoming more common. If you drive an older diesel vehicle, it's essential to check your route before you travel to avoid hefty penalty charge notices (PCNs).